Addiction is a complex condition influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors, often associated with high relapse rates despite available treatments. Research shows that ketamine may offer a novel therapeutic approach by enhancing neuroplasticity, increasing BDNF expression, and reducing comorbid symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Evidence suggests ketamine-assisted interventions can increase periods of abstinence in alcohol and other substance addictions, facilitate psychological therapies, and promote cognitive flexibility. Although results are promising, further research is needed to define protocols, long-term outcomes, and appropriate clinical indications.